National and International Conference
Ternate, 15th to 17th May 2022.
Theme
“Penguatan Teknologi dan Pengelolaan Pesisir Berkelanjutan, Menjawab Tantangan Krisis Pangan, Energi, dan Iklim Global”
(Stregthening Technology and Sustainable Coastal Management, Responding to the Challenges of Food, Energy, and Global Climate Crisis)
Posisi geografi wilayah timur Indonesia yang berada pada lingkup segitiga terumbu karang dunia memberikan kontribusi yang sangat besar dalam konteks keanekaragaman hayati baik di laut maupun daratan. Ekosistem mangrove, terumbu karang, padang lamun, dugong, hiu berjalan, spesies paus, limba-lumba dan penyu serta ratusan ikan-ikan karang tidak hanya memberikan layanan ekologis tapi juga sebagai elemen penting dalam meningkatkan pendapatan dan kesejahteraan masayarakat pesisir. Potensi kelautan dan perikanan yang luar biasa ini menjadikan Indonesia sebagai salah satu dari pusat keanekaragaman hayati dunia (hot-spot of biodiversity). Meskipun demikian, aktivitas anthropogenic dan perubahan iklim telah menjadi ancaman serius bagi kekayaan spesies baik fauna maupun flora yang telah menjadi tumpuan perekonomian masyarakat pesisir di masa depan. Oleh karena itu pengelolaan sumberdaya kelautan dan perikanan ini dipandang perlu untuk dilakukan secara tepat, terarah dan terpadu antara pengelolaan yang bersifat konvensional dan pemanfaatan teknologi tepat guna.
The geographical position of the eastern region of Indonesia, where is in the scope of the world’s coral triangle, creates a huge contribution in the context of biodiversity both at marine and terrestrial ecosystem. Mangrove forest, coral reefs, seagrass beds and various biotas such as dugongs, walking sharks, whale species, dolphins, sea turtles and hundreds of reef fish provide not only ecological services but also important elements in increasing the income and welfare of coastal communities. This extraordinary marine and fisheries potential makes Indonesia one of the world’s hot-spot of biodiversity. Nevertheless, anthropogenic activities and climate change have become a serious threat to species richness, both fauna and flora, which have become the economic foundation of coastal communities in the future. Therefore, the management of marine and fishery resources is deemed necessary to be carried out in an appropriate, directed and integrated manner between conventional management and the use of appropriate technology.
Pengaturan pengelolaan sumberdaya pesisir yang diharapkan mampu memberikan manfaat sebesar-besarnya bagi masyarakat dengan tetap mengedepankan keberlanjutan sumberdaya pesisir yang tersedia. Pembangunan di wilayah pesisir dapat meningkatkan kualitas hidup dan menciptakan lapangan kerja. Karena itu wilayah pesisir dan pulau-pulau kecil harus dikelola secara terpadu dan berkelanjutan. Perubahan iklim tentu sangat berpengaruh pada 60 persen penduduk Indonesia yang tinggal di wilayah pesisir yang berpotensi terancam ketahanan pangan dan kehidupan berkelanjutannya. Fenomena over fishing yang menyebabkan menurunnya stok ikan, terjadinya pengasaman dan kerusakan laut, pemutihan karang, dan hilangnya keanekaragaman hayati merupakan bentuk-bentuk nyata dari perubahan iklim. Hal ini menjadi ancaman yang sangat serius sehingga dibutuhkan pembangunan berkelanjutan untuk mendukung ketahanan pangan.
The management of coastal resources is expected to be able to provide the maximum benefit to the community while still prioritizing the sustainability of the available coastal resources. Development in coastal areas can improve the quality of life and create jobs. Therefore, coastal areas and small islands should be managed in an integrated and sustainable manner. Climate change is certainly very influential on 60 % of Indonesia’s population living in coastal areas that are potentially threatened with food security and their sustainable life. The phenomenon of over fishing which causes a decrease in fish stocks and can provide the impacts to livelhoods of coastal community. Subsequently, global warming has affected sea level rises, coral bleaching and loss of biodiversity are real forms of climate change. This is a very serious threat so that sustainable development is needed to support coastal community welfare.
Curah hujan tinggi yang terjadi hampir sepanjang tahun menyebabkan wilayah pesisir semakin rentan terhadap dampak perubahan iklim ekstrim, yang dapat menurunkan produksi tanaman pangan hingga 60–70 persen. Perubahan iklim berpotensi pula terhadap penciutan luas lahan pertanian akibat intrusi air laut ke wilayah pesisir, wilayah menjadi terendam air laut. Perubahan iklim juga muncul dalam bentuk peningkatan permukaan air laut, kondisi demikian berpotensi meningkatkan salinitas (kegaraman) tanah sekitar pantai. Sebagai negara kepulauan, Indonesia mempunyai garis dan hamparan pantai yang sangat panjang sekitar 81.000 kilometer, sehingga penciutan lahan pertanian akibat peningkatan permukaan air laut menjadi sangat luas. Salah satu dampak perubahan iklim global yaitu bergesernya awal musim hujan, yang berdampak sangat besar bagi petani dan nelayan.
High rainfall that occurs almost throughout the year makes coastal areas more vulnerable to the effects of extreme climate change, which can reduce food crop production by up to 60 to70 %. Climate change also has the potential to reduce the area of agricultural land due to seawater intrusion into coastal areas, the area becomes submerged by sea water. Climate change also appears in the form of an increase in sea level, such conditions have the potential to increase the salinity (salt) of the soil around the coast. As an archipelagic country, Indonesia has a very long coastline and stretch of about 81,000 kilometers, so that the shrinkage of agricultural land due to rising sea levels is very wide. One of the impacts of global climate change is the shift in the start of the rainy season, which has a tremendous impact on farmers and fishermen.
Dampak turunannya menyebabkan kerusakan pada terumbu karang (coral bleaching) dan melemahnya struktur aragonite karang), perendaman atau pergeseran formasi bakau ke arah daratan, algae heating, menurunnya kemampuan reproduksi ikan, perubahan ratio-sex pada penyu dan perubahan susunan rakitan spesies. Antisipasi secara lokal untuk mengurangi perubahan iklim hampir tidak bermanfaat, sehingga pengelola wilayah pesisir dan lautan harus segera melakukan adaptasi terhadap perubahan iklim global. Perubahan iklim mempengaruhi parameter iklim pada kondisi demikian sumber daya laut berperan penting dalam mengatur perubahan iklim. Pemanasan global diduga telah mengubah kondisi iklim global, regional, dan lokal, yang akan mempengaruhi setidaknya tiga unsur iklim dan komponen alam yang sangat erat kaitannya dengan pertanian, yaitu: (a) naiknya suhu udara yang juga berdampak terhadap unsur iklim lain, terutama kelembaban dan dinamika atmosfir, (b) berubahnya pola curah hujan, (c) makin meningkatnya intensitas kejadian iklim ekstrim (iklim anomali) seperti El-Nino dan La-Nina, dan (d) naiknya permukaan air laut akibat pencairan gunung es di kutub utara. Selain menurunkan produktivitas terutama akibat terjadinya banjir dan kekeringan, pergeseran musim dan peningkatan intensitas kejadian iklim ekstrim, global warming juga menyebabkan terjadinya penciutan dan fluktuasi luas tanam serta memperbesar kemungkinan gagal panen, terutama tanaman pangan dan tanaman semusim lainnya. Oleh sebab itu perubahan iklim dan kejadian iklim ekstim seperti El-Nino dan La-Nina akan mengancam ketahanan pangan nasional dan keberlanjutan pertanian pada umumnya.
Derivative impacts cause damage to coral reefs (coral bleaching) and weakening of the coral aragonite structure, submersion or shifting of mangrove formations towards the mainland, algae heating, decreased fish reproductive ability, changes in the sex ratio in turtles and changes in the composition of the species assembly. Local anticipating to reduce climate change is almost useless, so coastal and ocean area managers must immediately adapt to global climate change. This change affects climate parameters in such conditions marine resources play an important role in regulating the climate. Furthermore, global warming is thought to have changed global, regional and local climatic conditions, which will affect at least three climate elements and natural components that are closely related to agriculture, namely: (a) rising air temperatures which also have an impact on other climate elements, especially humidity and dynamics of the atmosphere, (b) changing rainfall patterns, (c) increasing intensity of extreme climate events (climate anomalies) such as ENSO (El Nino Southern Oscillation) and IOD (Indian Ocean Dipole) and (d) rising sea levels due to melting of icebergs in the north pole. In addition to reducing productivity, especially due to floods and droughts, shifting seasons and increasing the intensity of extreme climate events, global warming also causes shrinkage and fluctuations in planting area and increases the possibility of harvest failure, especially for food crops and other seasonal crops. Therefore, climate change and extreme climate events such as ENSO and IOD will generally threaten national food security and agricultural sustainability.
Tujuan
1. Mengembangkan isu penting dalam penelitian dan pemanfaatan sumber daya kelautan perikanan di kawasan pesisir. 2. Meningktakan kerjasama penelitian para pakar dalam bidang kelautan perikanan.3. Memberikan gambaran bagi pengambil kebijakan terkait dengan sumber daya potensial di kawasan pesisir. Objectives1. Developing important issues in research and utilization of marine fisheries resources in coastal areas.2. Increasing research collaboration of experts in the field of fisheries, marine science and technology.3. Providing an overview for policy makers related to the potential resources in coastal areas.
Manfaat
- Terbangunnya jaringan kerjasama peneliti dalam dan luar negeri.
- Meningkatnya capaian publikasi ilmiah yang bereputasi Internasional.
Outcome
- Establishing a collaborative network of national and international scientist.
- Increasing the achievement of scientific publications with international reputation.
Ruang Lingkup Scope
- Oceanography
- Climate Change & Disaster Management
- Marine Pollution & Ecotoxicology
- Fisheries and Marine Biotecnology
- Sustainable Aquaculture
- Renewable Energy
- Sustainable Capture Fisheries
- Fisheries Processing and Food Security
- Fisheries and Marine Geographical Information System (GIS)
- Marine Conservation and Ecotourims
- Marine Law and Ocean Policy
- Marine Culture and Heritage Silk Road